Long-term riparian bird monitoring on Mono Lake s tributary streams: summary graphs and tables ( )

Transcription

1 Long-term riparian bird monitoring on Mono Lake s tributary streams: summary graphs and tables ( ) Prepared for the Bureau of Land Management, Bishop Field Office Sacha K. Heath and Leah A. Culp July 2006 PRBO Contribution # 1510 PRBO Conservation Science 4990 Shoreline Highway Stinson Beach, CA

2 Number of territories/hectare (non territorial, colonial and territorial enigmas not included): Wilson, Mill, Lee Vining and Rush Creeks, Territories/hectare derived from spot mapping (see Heath et al for methods). Wilson Creek 2000 American Kestrel Red shafted Flicker Bushtit Bewick s Wren House Wren Yellow Warbler Common Yellowthroat Black headed Grosbeak Spotted Towhee Green tailed Towhee Brewer s Sparrow Vesper Sparrow Savanna Sparrow Song Sparrow Bullock s Oriole Total

3 Mill Creek 2000 American Kestrel Killdeer Belted Kingfisher Harry Woodpecker Red shafted Flicker Western Wood Pewee Warbling Vireo Steller s Jay Juniper Titmouse Mountain Chickadee Bushtit Bewick s Wren House Wren Blue grey Gnatcatcher Yellow Warbler Lazuli Bunting Spotted Towhee Green tailed Towhee Brewer s Sparrow Song Sparrow Bullock s Oriole Cassin s Finch Total

4 Lee Vining Creek 2000 American Kestrel Killdeer Belted Kingfisher Downy Woodpecker Red breasted Sapsucker Red breasted/red naped Hybrid Sapsucker Red shafted Flicker Western Wood Pewee Warbling Vireo Steller s Jay Mountain Chickadee Bushtit Bewick s Wren House Wren American Dipper Blue grey Gnatcatcher Orange crowned Warbler Yellow Warbler Western Tanager Lazuli Bunting Black headed Grosbeak Spotted Towhee Green tailed Towhee Brewer s Sparrow Song Sparrow Bullock s Oriole Cassin s Finch Lesser Goldfinch Total

5 Rush Creek 2000 Northern Harrier American Kestrel Killdeer Belted Kingfisher Red shafted Flicker Willow Flycatcher Dusky Flycatcher Warbling Vireo Western Scrub jay Bushtit Bewick s Wren House Wren American Dipper Blue grey Gnatcatcher Orange crowned Warbler Yellow Warbler MacGillivray s Warbler Lazuli Bunting Black headed Grosbeak Spotted Towhee Green tailed Towhee Brewer s Sparrow Savanna Sparrow Song Sparrow Bullock s Oriole Total

6 Number of territories/hectare by guild groupings (cavity, canopy, shrub and ground nesters) for the North Mono Basin (Wilson and Mill Creek) and South Mono Basin (Lee Vining and Rush Creek), Territories/hectare derived from spot mapping (see Heath et al for methods). North Mono Basin Wilson Creek Cavity: AMKE, RSFL, BEWR, HOWR, EUST Canopy: BUOR Shrub: BUSH, YWAR, COYE, BHGR, BRSP Ground: SPTO, GTTO, VESP, SAVS, SOSP Mill Creek Cavity: AMKE, HAWO, RSFL, JUTI, MOCH, BEWR, HOWR, EUST (colonies) Canopy: WEWP, WAVI, STJA, BUOR, CAFI Shrub: BUSH, BGGN, YWAR, LAZB, BRSP Ground: KILL, SPTO, GTTO, SOSP

7 South Mono Basin Lee Vining Creek Cavity: AMKE, DOWO, RBSA, HYSA, RSFL, MOCH, BEWR, HOWR, VGSW, (colonies), EUST (colonies) Canopy: WEWP, WAVI, STJA, WETA, BUOR, CAFI Shrub: BUSH, BGGN, YWAR, LAZB, BHGR, BRSP, LEGO Ground: KILL, AMDI, OCWA, SPTO, GTTO, SOSP Rush Creek Cavity: AMKE, RSFL, BEWR, HOWR, VGSW (colonies) Canopy: WAVI, BUOR Shrub: WIFL, DUFL, WESJ, BUSH, BGGN, YWAR, LAZB, BHGR, BRSP Ground: NOHA, KILL, AMDI, OCWA, MGWA, SPTO, GTTO, SAVS, SOSP

8 Mayfield nest survival for select species: Wilson, Mill, Lee Vining and Rush Creeks, Derived from nest searching and monitoring (see Heath et al for methods and analysis) Mayfield nest survival rates on Mill and Wilson Creeks No. of Nests Daily Nest Survival SE Total Nest Survival Western Wood Pewee Total North Basin % Warbling Vireo Total North Basin % House Wren Total North Basin % Yellow Warbler Mill % Wilson % Total North Basin Black headed Grosbeak Total North Basin ~ 10 Spotted Towhee Total North Basin % Song Sparrow Mill % Wilson % Total North Basin %

9 2005 Mayfield nest survival rates on Lee Vining and Rush Creeks No. of Nests Daily Nest Survival SE Total Nest Survival Spotted Sandpiper Total South Basin % Western Wood Pewee Total South Basin % Warbling Vireo Total South Basin % House Wren Total South Basin % Yellow Warbler Lee Vining % Rush % Total South Basin % Black headed Grosbeak Total South Basin % Spotted Towhee Total South Basin % Song Sparrow Lee Vining % Rush % Total South Basin % Red winged Blackbird Total South Basin %

10 Total Mayfield nest survival for Song Sparrows and Yellow Warblers on Wilson, Mill, Lee Vining and Rush Creeks, Derived from nest searching and monitoring (see Heath et al for methods and analysis). Italicized numbers are nest samples sizes for year, creek and species. Nest fates for all species nests combined, cowbird host nests and non cowbird host nests, for all nests with known outcomes at Mill, Wilson, Lee Vining and Rush Creeks, Cowbird hosts = all species that PRBO s Eastern Sierra Program has documented as parasitized by the Brown headed Cowbird (including non Mono sites): BHGR, BGGN, BRBL, CAFI, GTTO, LAZB, OCWA, RWBL, SOSP, SPTO, WAVI, WEWP, WIFL, YWAR. Non hosts = all other species. See nest searching and analysis methods in Heath et al

11 Wilson Creek 10 8 Wilson --All Species Deserted Weather Parasitism Predation Fledged 2 10 Wilson --Non Cowbird Hosts Deserted 10 Wilson --Cowbird Hosts 8 Weather Parasitism 8 Predation Fledged 2 2 Nest sample sizes for Wilson Creek nests. Total nests Cowbird host nests Non host nests

12 Mill Creek 10 8 Mill --All Species Deserted Weather Parasitism Predation Fledged 2 10 Mill --Non Cowbird Hosts Deserted 10 Mill --Cowbird Hosts 8 Weather Parasitism 8 Predation Fledged 2 2 Nest sample sizes for Mill Creek nests. Total nests Cowbird host nests Non host nests

13 Lee Vining Creek 10 8 Lee Vining --All Species Deserted Weather Parasitism Predation Fledged 2 10 Lee Vining --Non Cowbird Hosts Deserted 10 Lee Vining --Cowbird Hosts 8 Weather Parasitism 8 Predation Fledged 2 2 Nest sample sizes for Lee Vining Creek nests. Total nests Cowbird host nests Non host nests

14 Rush Creek 10 8 Rush --All Species Deserted Weather Parasitism Predation Fledged 2 10 Rush --Non Cowbird Hosts Deserted 10 Rush --Cowbird Hosts 8 Weather Parasitism 8 Predation Fledged 2 2 Nest sample sizes for Rush Creek nests. Total nests Cowbird host nests Non host nests

15 Parasitism rates of known cowbird hosts in the eastern Sierra, at Wilson, Mill, Lee Vining and Rush Creeks, % of nests parasitized by species (from the sample of nests observed with at least one host egg or young, see methods section of Heath et al. 2004). Wilson Creek 2000 Yellow Warbler ~ 67% 83% 45% 5 Black headed Grosbeak ~ ~ ~ ~ Spotted Towhee ~ ~ ~ Green tailed Towhee ~ 10 ~ 10 Song Sparrow 5 75% 63% 67% 53% 72% Red winged Blackbird 5 14% ~ Brewer s Blackbird ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ Total Cowbird Host 38% 71% 58% 54% 44% 51% Mill Creek 2000 Western Wood Pewee ~ Warbling Vireo ~ ~ ~ ~ Blue grey Gnatcatcher ~ ~ ~ Yellow Warbler 46% 57% 56% 71% Lazuli Bunting ~ 10 ~ ~ ~ ~ Spotted Towhee 5 43% 29% 10 13% Green tailed Towhee ~ 5 ~ Song Sparrow 38% 5 88% 43% 75% 33% Brewer s Blackbird 11% Cassin s Finch ~ ~ ~ ~ Total Cowbird Host 35% 27% 33% 28% 53% 16%

16 Lee Vining Creek 2000 Western Wood Pewee ~ ~ 2 Warbling Vireo ~ ~ 5 10 ~ 67% Blue grey Gnatcatcher ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ Orange crowned Warbler ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ 10 Yellow Warbler 57% 32% 2 49% 58% 65% Lazuli Bunting ~ 5 10 ~ ~ Black headed Grosbeak ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ Spotted Towhee 18% 9% 33% Green tailed Towhee % Song Sparrow 42% 36% 68% 79% 81% 78% Red winged Blackbird 11% 7% Brewer s Blackbird ~ ~ Cassin s Finch ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ Total Cowbird Host 45% 21% 22% 43% 48% 52% Rush Creek 2000 Warbling Vireo ~ ~ 10 ~ ~ Blue grey Gnatcatcher ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ Yellow Warbler 5 34% 51% 52% 56% 57% Black headed Grosbeak ~ Spotted Towhee 14% 17% Green tailed Towhee ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ Song Sparrow 46% 88% 91% 64% 79% Red winged Blackbird 13% 5 Brewer s Blackbird ~ 11% 6% Total Cowbird Host 44% 37% 49% 47% 49% 46%

17 Nest initiation dates (date of first egg laid) for nesters representative of four different breeding phenologies (Spotted Towhees (resident), House Wrens (mid distant migrant / cavity nester), Yellow Warblers (Neotropical migrant / open cup nester) and Song Sparrows (resident / short distant migrant) at Wilson, Mill, Lee Vining and Rush Creeks, See methods section of Heath et al. 2004) Nest Initiation 2005 YWAR No. of New Nests HOWR SOSP 3 2 SPTO 1 0 4/16 4/22 4/29 5/6 5/13 5/20 5/27 6/3 6/10 6/17 6/24 7/1 7/8 7/15 7/22 7/29 Acknowledgements We are grateful for the financial support provided by Bureau of Land Management Bishop Field Office and Mono Market for data collected in Quresh Latif and Chris Tonra financially supported and collected much of the 2005 data presented here while working on their PhD and MS projects respectively. Megan Kefauver and Stella Moss also assisted with data collected in Acknowledgements of financial support and field crews can be found in acknowledgements for those years reports (see This is PRBO Contribution # Literature Cited Heath, S. K., Culp, L. A., Gates, H. R., Latif, Q. S., and Tonra, C. M Riparian Songbird Monitoring in the Eastern Sierra Nevada. Results of the 2003 field season and selected summary results. PRBO Contribution # PRBO Conservation Science Shoreline Hwy., Stinson Beach, CA